Silver diamine fluoride (SDF)
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a liquid medicine. It is applied to teeth to treat dental decay and reduce tooth sensitivity.
How SDF works
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) contains:
- silver which acts as an antimicrobial agent to kill bacteria
- fluoride which helps prevent further softening (demineralisation) of the tooth structure.
When SDF is applied to the teeth it forms silver oxide. This causes permanent black staining on areas of decay. Cavities that trap food may still require treatment to restore function, for example, chewing.
Benefits of SDF
There are several benefits to silver diamine fluoride treatment.
- It is non-invasive so there is no need for injections of drills.
- It is quick and easy and can be completed in a few minutes.
- Most people will feel no discomfort.
- It is effective and proven to stop or slow decay.
Consenting to SDF treatment
You have to give consent for SDF treatment to be applied to either yourself, or the person in your care. You can give consent for SDF to be applied to:
- the back teeth only
- any tooth affected by decay (front and back teeth).
More information about consent for SDF treatment is on HealthEd.
Consent to SDF treatment — HealthEd
What happens during SDF treatment
Preparation
The affected tooth is cleaned and dried. Vaseline or cocoa butter is applied to the surrounding gums to help prevent staining and irritation.
Preparation
The affected tooth is cleaned and dried. Vaseline or cocoa butter is applied to the surrounding gums to help prevent staining and irritation.
Application
A small brush is used to apply the SDF liquid to the decayed tooth surface. The solution is left to dry for 1 to 3 minutes.
Application
A small brush is used to apply the SDF liquid to the decayed tooth surface. The solution is left to dry for 1 to 3 minutes.
Aftercare
After the SDF has been applied, you cannot eat or drink for one hour after.
Over the next few days, the area where SDF has been applied will turn black. This is a positive sign, which shows that the medicine is working.
Aftercare
After the SDF has been applied, you cannot eat or drink for one hour after.
Over the next few days, the area where SDF has been applied will turn black. This is a positive sign, which shows that the medicine is working.
What happens after SDF is placed
After SDF has been applied:
- treated teeth will turn dark grey or black
- children may experience a metallic or bitter taste
- gums may become irritated, and can also sometimes stain grey or black but this disappears after 1 to 3 weeks.
For the best results, SDF will be reviewed and generally re-applied within 6 months.
Alternatives to SDF
The tooth decay will likely get worse depending on:
- where the decay is
- how much tooth is left.
Other options to treat the tooth include:
- fluoride treatment
- filling
- crown
- root canal (pulpotomy)
- extraction.
Knowing if SDF is right for your child
SDF provides an alternative option to treat teeth depending on:
- your child’s age
- if your child has special considerations
- if dental anxiety make it difficult for them to tolerate a filling or crown.
SDF can also be used to stabilise decay while waiting for hospital care under general anaesthesia.
Tell your clinician if your child has an allergy or sensitivity to silver, ammonia, or both.